RFC (Registro Federal de Contribuyentes)

The Federal Taxpayer Registry (RFC) is an instrumental component of Mexico’s economic infrastructure. It’s a special code used by the Mexican government to identify people and businesses involved in taxable activities in the country.

For both sole proprietors launching a startup or a large corporation, understanding the RFC (Registro Federal de Contribuyentes) is very important.

The Basics of Registration

The RFC is not merely a password. It is a testament to an entity’s commitment to lawful economic activities within Mexico. Anyone who wishes to indulge in any economic activity that mandates tax payment has to secure this code.

This includes people’s birth dates and companies’ founding dates. Applicants can complete the registration online. In some cases, there will be in-person interviews at the Tax Administration Service (SAT). Some applicants may go to the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit (SHCP) for their interviews.

The Path for Natural Persons

For individual residents with a Unique Population Registry Code (CURP), the process is fairly straightforward. They can simply use the electronic registration form on the Tax Administration Service (SAT) website.

Upon completion, they receive a unique acknowledgment of their RFC registration. This will have important details like the tax identification card, the homoclave, and a two-dimensional barcode.

RFC for Minors

Minors, on the other hand, require their parents or legal guardians to step in. These representatives must schedule an appointment with the SAT and provide an array of documentation.

This can range from the minor’s birth certificate to proof of fiscal domicile and the legal representative’s identification. Minors who are 16 years old or older are required to visit an SAT office in person. They must have identification and receive a special salary.

For Parents or Guardians of Minors:

When a parent or guardian is responsible for a minor, they need to arrange an appointment with the SAT. Upon attending, it is important that they come prepared with the following documentation:

• Minor’s Birth Certificate: This should originate from the Civil Registry.
• Personal Identity Card: Issued by the Ministry of the Interior through the National Population Registry.
• Parent or guardian confirmation: A court decision or notary document confirming parental rights or guardianship.
• Consent from Both Parents: A written agreement from both parents permitting one to act as the minor’s representative. It’s mandatory to show valid identification.
• ID of the Designated Parent/Guardian: The official identification of the individual who will represent the minor.
• Residential Proof: This confirms the minor’s address.

If someone else is representing the minor, they need a legal document called a power of attorney.

For Minors Aged 16 and Above with an Income from Salary:

Minors who are at least 16 years old and have personal identification must personally register at an SAT office. They should also have a sole income from their salary. Before this, it’s advisable to schedule an appointment on the SAT portal. They should bring:

• CURP or Personal Identity Card: Furnished by the Ministry of the Interior through the National Population Registry.
• Declaration in Writing: They should submit a statement to the Taxpayer Services. Minors should acknowledge their intent to enroll in the RFC.
• Address Verification: A document proving the minor’s residence.
• Official ID: Any currently valid official identification.

Starting a Business as a Minor

Minors keen on starting their own business should be aware of the distinct regulations and prerequisites set by SAT. It’s essential to consult with a legal advisor or tax expert in Mexico to comprehend these specifications.

Embarking on a Business Venture: Alone or With Partners?

Starting a business is a serious step. The choice between launching a solo venture and starting with partners plays a pivotal role in shaping the business’s trajectory. This decision hinges on multiple aspects:

• The business idea’s origin and ownership.
• The management style the venture demands.
• Capital availability.
• The breadth of knowledge required.
• The business’s potential size and projected revenue.

The Solo Venture Route

Opting for a solo venture opens two major pathways:

Regimes for Natural Persons

Perfect if the venture leans heavily on individual skills or a small collaborative group. People on this path must choose their plan carefully when signing up with the RFC. People on this path must carefully choose their plan when signing up with the RFC.

They should consider factors such as their type of work, expected income, and any required special skills. There are various regimes available for businesses. These include RESICO for small businesses.

Simplified Joint Stock Company (SAS)

This is unique in the sense that it can be incorporated solely by an individual. The main benefit is that personal belongings are kept separate from the company’s belongings.

This means that if the business has money problems, personal belongings won’t be affected.

Treading the Collaborative Path

If collaboration is the chosen path, then forming a company or society becomes crucial. These legal entities, termed as moral persons, possess their own set of assets, rights, and obligations independent of their founding partners.

Many choices are available for new business owners, including funding, management style, and potential earnings.

Registering as a Natural Person in the RFC

For those looking to register as a natural person, a visit to the SAT offices becomes essential. Required documentation includes a CURP or Personal Identity Card, proof of tax address, legal representation documents, and official identifications.

Additional documentation might be necessary based on specific cases, like residents abroad, minors, or persons with judicially declared legal incapacity.

Conclusion

In Mexico, as in many nations, abiding by tax regulations is crucial for the smooth operation of businesses.

The RFC acts as a bridge between economic entities and the government, ensuring transparency and compliance.